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Yijiang District has a long history. 4000 to 5000 years ago, human-beings lived in the area of Jingshan Mountain in the south of the Qingyi River. It's said that Jingshan Street appeard earlier than Wuhu City. In history many wars broke out in this area. In the Three Kingdoms Period Zhou YU, a famous general, drilled his marines. Lugang Port is a part of Yijiang District and it's an important place of operation. In 557 (3rd year of Yongding during the reign of Emperor wu of Empire Chen) Xu Sihui led soldiers of the Empire Qi crossed the river from Qingdunzhou of Lugang then occupied Wuhu. Emperor Wu ,Chen Baxian, ordered General Zhou Wenyu to defeat Xu Sihui. In 891 (3rd year of Dashun during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong of Tang Dynasty) Yang xingmi crusaded against Sun Ru. In Xuanzhou, Yang suffered from the lack of the munitions. Yang ordered Taimeng to make five weirs in Lugang. In a few days with the arrival of the munitions Yang defeated Sunru. In the first month of 1275 (1st year of Deyou during the reign of Emperor Gongzong of the Southern Song Dynasty) the hero Wen Tianxiang commanded the force to defeat the enemies in Lugang. In the same year the Prime Minister of the Southern Song had to command in Wuhu, but was defeated in Lugang. In April of 1949 the great force of the People's Liberation Army crossed Yangtze River. Lugang was an important place of operation.
Yijiang District enjoys rich and generous culture. Buddhism began to transmitted into China since 346 (2nd year of Yonghe during the reign of the Eastern Jing). Henceforth many Buddhism buildings were built such as Jixiang Temple, Guangji Temple, Nengren Temple, Puji Temple, Kaiyuan Temple, Xingguo Temple, Jingshang Temple, Runan Temple, Daan Temple, Dawang Temple, Longwang Temple, Chaoyin Nunnery,  Yongfu Nunnery and Cunxin Nunnery. The characteristics of the area were dense population, numerous adherent of Buddhism and many temples and nunneries. Puji Temple which was built in the period of Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty is one of the Four Famous Temples in Wuhu. Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian who were the famous litterateurs of the Northern Song Dynasty and Wu Jingzi who was a famous litterateur of Qing Dynasty visited here. In front of the Kuixing Pavilion in Xiaojingshan Mountain, Jingshan College was the place for scholars to gave lectures which was built in 1748 (13rd year of Qianlong during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Qing Dynasty) and discontinued during the reign of Emperor Wenzong of Qing Dynasty. In 1765 (30th year in the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty) Li Shijie, the Satrap of 两江, established the Zhongjiang College in Caimiao Lane of the district. In 1853 (3rd year of Xianfeng) the college was destroyed in the war. In 1863 (2nd year of Tongzhi in the reign of the Emperor Muzong of Qing Dynasty) Jiujiang College was built on the site of Zhongjiang College. Then it was renamed as Zhongjiang College in 1875 (1st year of Guangxu during the reign of Dezong of Qing Dynasty). Now it is the First School of Wuhu which is famous for it's history of more than 100 years. In 1900 (26th of Guangxu) Aying (Qian Xincun) lived at 61, Erduoqiao who was a famous neoteric litterateur, dramatist, historian of literature and bibliophile. Li Guangjiong from Tongchen established Anhui Female Public School at the south side of the Qingyi River in 1906 (32nd year of Guangxu). In 1925 Xinmin Private School was established in Lugang by enlightened educators, then was renamed as Wusa School in honor of the Wusa Movement. After the founding of the People's Republic of China there were Huang Yecun, a traditional Chinese painter, who was famous for painting bamboo and Xu Shaoao and Li Shaobai who where founded the Herbalist Hospital.
The business was more developed in Yijiang along the river after Ming Dynasty. In 1421 (7th year of Chenghua during the reign of the Emperor Xianzong of Ming Dynasty) Business Ministry set the customs to impose on merchantman. In 1869 (8th year of Tongzhi during the reign of the Emperor Muzong of Qing Dynasty) Peng Yuling, Yangtse Minister, organized a battalian to safeguard the Yijiang. It was recomposed to coastguard in 1912 (1st year of Republic of China). Wuhu is the head of the Four Big Rice Markets of China and Yijiang is the cradle of the rice market where the population was dense, the business was flourishing and merchants concentrated. Most rice stores were in the area from Nanguan to Fuqiao (present name is Yijiangqiao) which was called South Market. Posthouses were set in Lugang. During Ming Dynasty Yijiang became the most important town of Wuhu. During the reign of the Emperor Daoguang the size of the rice market in Yijiang was even larger than in Wuhu. It's said that Big Lugang and Small Wuhu.
According to historical materials, Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of Ming Dynasty, was fond of horse. About 1613 (41st year of Wanli during the reign of the Emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty) the government fed thousands of horses in Wuhu, so this area was called Yijiang. At the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there were Jiangkou, Shangtang and Laiyuan along Qingyi River which were incorporated into two towns, Jiangkou and Shanglai.n April of 1949 the government of the He'nan District was founded when Wuhu was liberated. In April of 1950 the Wuhu City organization was repealed. In July of 1952 Wuhu City was reconverted and the government of He'nan District was founded. In December of 1955 He'nan District was repealed again. In 1960 the Yijiang People's Commune was established on the base of the He'nan District. At that time the area was really named Yijiang. In December of 1964 Yijiang People's Commune was repealed. In August of 1968 the Revolutionary Committee of Yijiang District was established. At the 8th People's Congress held in July of 1980 the Revolutionary Committee of Yijiang District was repealed and the municipal government of Yijiang was founded which governed three street offices Jiangkou, Chaoyang and Yijiang. Then the Suburb Fishing Commune in December of 1984, Yijiang Town and Tieqiao Village and Aiguo Village of Zheshan Town in March of 1990, Lugang Village of Wuhu County in June of 1991 were under the domination of Yijiang District. Thus the area of Yijiang increased by more 20 times and the population was doubled. Now as the important area in the layout of the municipal construction, Yijiang is also called New Area in South Wuhu. In January of 1998 the station of the municipal government was moved from 3 Dock to 418 Limin West Road.
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